What is Prosecco? Origin, production, and quality levels explained
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Prosecco is more than just a sparkling wine—it's an expression of Italian joie de vivre, regional craftsmanship, and the finest culture of enjoyment. But what exactly is behind this popular drink, and what should you look for when buying it?
The origin: A treasure from Veneto
Prosecco originates from northern Italy, specifically the regions of Veneto and Friuli-Venezia Giulia . At its heart lies the famous Valdobbiadene wine-growing region – a picturesque hilly region known for its exceptional quality. Only Prosecco from strictly defined regions may officially bear the name "Prosecco DOC" or "Prosecco DOCG."
The grape variety: Glera
Prosecco's main grape variety is the Glera grape , an ancient white grape variety that delivers fruity aromas of apple, pear, citrus, and white flowers. A true Prosecco must contain at least 85% Glera —often supplemented by other permitted varieties such as Verdiso or Perera.
The production: Charmat method
Unlike Champagne, which ferments in the bottle, Prosecco's second fermentation usually takes place in stainless steel tanks – the so-called Charmat method . This ensures particularly fresh, fruity aromas and a finer perlage.
The quality levels: DOC, DOCG & Co.
Prosecco is available in different quality levels:
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Prosecco DOC – Large-scale, controlled-origin wine from Veneto and Friuli. Solid quality.
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Prosecco DOCG – The highest quality from the core regions of Valdobbiadene and Conegliano . Strictly controlled, often hand-harvested, and exceptionally fine.
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Rive & Cartizze – top vineyards within the DOCG area, limited and exclusive.
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Frizzante vs. Spumante – Frizzante has less carbonation and often has a screw cap; Spumante is a classic sparkling wine with more pressure.
Conclusion
Not all Prosecco is created equal. Origin, grape variety, production, and classification are crucial for quality and taste. Those who want to experience the true Italian lifestyle in their glass should opt for DOCG Prosecco from Valdobbiadene .